国礼紫砂承载着什么？

杨世明

 
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">国礼紫砂承载着什么？</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-comfficeffice" /><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'"><br/><font size="4">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 紫砂壶，国礼紫砂壶，国礼紫砂，作为一种语言、一片心意，已经走进地球村的生活。她承载着什么，那么令人喜爱、令人亲近、令人着迷？</font></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体"><o:p><font size="4">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体"><font size="4">国礼紫砂承载着中国独有的特产文化<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">北京有个《国际友谊博物馆》，这里收藏、展示着世界各国馈赠的近两万件“国礼”。浏览这来自天涯海角的珍品，可以看到许多国家、民族</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">“特有”</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">、“独有”的物产。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><font size="4"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">1973</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">年</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">7</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">月，刚果总统恩古瓦比赠给毛泽东一尊“木雕老人胸像”。刚果位于非洲中西部，赤道横穿刚果中部，属于热带雨淋气候，盛产珍贵木材。这尊木雕所用的红木就是其中之一，它木质坚硬，纹理细腻，是雕刻上选的材质。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">赞比亚有“铜矿国”之称，铜制品最能体现赞比亚国家和民族特色，于是，赞比亚领导人把铜制工艺品作为馈赠外国贵宾的首选礼品。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">1974</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">年</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">2</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">月，赞比亚总统、著名政治家卡<?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-comffice:smarttags" /><st1ersonName w:st="on" productid="翁达偕">翁达偕</st1ersonName>夫人第二次访华，赠给毛泽东一套红铜茶具。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">透过那琳琅满目的国礼，我们能看到在一望无际的蔚蓝色天空下，在一片坦荡无垠的田园里，郁金香随风摇曳，把芬芳洒向人间。郁金香，荷兰人心中的“百花皇后”。我们还能看到大洋上的“海上世外桃源”，塞舌尔普拉斯兰岛“独有的特产”——海椰子</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">-------<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 17pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">我们的国礼紫砂能让外国朋友看到中国什么“特产”？世界上有红色的矿、紫色的砂、黄色的泥</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">------</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">姹紫嫣红，丰富多彩，但到目前为止，做出陶器茶壶，做出的茶壶还能有益于泡出原汁原味好茶的陶土，只有中国宜兴的紫砂陶土。这是国际陶艺界把“世界制壶中心”的金匾挂上宜兴城头的一个基本元素。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 17pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">国礼紫色承载着中国独有的“宜于做茶壶”的紫砂陶土，自然也承载着紫砂陶土挖掘、炼制、使用的技艺、工艺文化。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 17pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体"><o:p><font size="4">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 17pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体"><font size="4">国礼紫砂承载着一支中华“活”的文脉<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 17pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><font size="4"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">2003</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">年，联合国公布《保护非物质文化遗产公约》。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black">2004</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">年</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black">8</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">月，全国人大审议并批准加入《保护非物质文化遗产公约》，</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">中国<span style="COLOR: black">成为第六个加入《公约》的国家。</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 17pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">中国古代有“人间大同”的期盼，马克思有共产主义的理想，当代有经济一体化的大趋势。世界经济越是走向一体化，而文化越是奔向多元化，走向本土化，各国越会传承、弘扬民族文化，尤其是那代表一个民族文化文脉的文化、艺术。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 17pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">细心拜读《国际友谊博物馆》的国礼珍品，我们可以看到许许多多国礼被列入《世界文化与自然遗产保护名录》和《世界保护非物质文化遗产》名录。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 17pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">宜兴紫砂陶传统的制作技艺，正在走向联合国《申遗》的途中。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 17pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">传统的紫砂陶手工技艺已经列入“中国非物质文化遗产”。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"> 2006</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-hansi-font-family: PMingLiU">年</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">5</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-hansi-font-family: PMingLiU">月</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">20</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-hansi-font-family: PMingLiU">日，国务院公布</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">了第一批国家级非物质文化遗产名录，共计</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">518</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">项。宜兴紫砂陶名列传统手工技艺</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">89</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">项的第一项。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">2006</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">年</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">6</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">月</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">9</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">日，文化部公布了第一批国家级非物质文化遗产项目民间文学、杂技和竞技、民间美术、传统手工技艺、传统医药五大类别的代表性传承人</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">226</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">名；</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">2008</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">年</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">2</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">月</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">15</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">日公布了第二批国家级项目传统音乐、民间舞蹈、传统戏剧、曲艺和民俗五大类别的代表性传承人</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">551</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">名，共计</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">777</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">人。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">2008</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">年</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">2</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">月</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">28</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">日在人民大会堂文化部举行了隆重的国家级非物质文化遗产项目代表性传承人颁证典礼，向来自全国各地代表性传承人的代表们，颁发了证章和证书。国家文化部公布“非物质文化遗产代表传承人”，宜兴紫砂界的“中国工艺美术大师”汪寅仙荣立其中。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 17pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">非物质文化遗产是什么？</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">2007</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">年全国遗产日期间，国务院总理温家宝在中华世纪坛观看中国非遗专题展时，说了一番动情之语，后来被各地文化工作者每每提及。在温家宝总理的心目中，非物质文化遗产是“民族文化的精华”、“民族智慧的象征”、“民族精神的结晶”。他说：“为什么能传下来，千古不绝？就在于有灵魂，有精神。一脉文心传万代，千古不绝是真魂。文脉就是一个民族的魂脉。今天，保护非物质文化遗产，就是传承民族文化的文脉。”</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 17pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">宜兴紫砂陶传统手工技艺，是中华民族传统文化的一支文脉，一支极具鲜活生命力的文脉。紫砂是宜兴的，更是中华民族的。国礼紫砂承载的是源自</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">7000</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">历史陶器文化的紫砂文化，承载的是地球村公认的中华绝技——以拍打镶接为特色的传统手工技艺。</span></font><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>

杨世明

&nbsp;
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 17pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体"><font size="4">国礼紫砂承载着紫砂壶特有的亲和力<span lang="EN-US"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-comfficeffice" /><o:p></o:p></span></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><font size="4">为庆祝新中国<span lang="EN-US">60</span>华诞，中央电视台的“新闻联播”开设了“部长访谈”专栏。<span lang="EN-US">2009</span>年<span lang="EN-US">8</span>月<span lang="EN-US">24</span>日，这个专栏的开篇是“我们的朋友遍天下”——访外交部长杨洁篪。杨部长面向中国、面向世界，第一次公开畅谈了胡锦涛对中国外交工作的要求：<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">外交工作要使我们的国家，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">政治上更有影响力，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">经济上更有竞争力，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">形象上更有亲和力，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">道义上更有感召力。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">这也是共和国对外交工作的要求，也是人民对国家外交的希望。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">要使“中国的形象更有亲和力”，是中国外交工作“四大基石之一”。让“中国的形象更有亲和力”，需要从上上下下、方方面面做起，需要从时时刻刻、点点滴滴做起。那么，选取抒情达意的礼品、国礼，不仅是重要的一环，而且那礼品还需要具有“亲和力”的特色和魅力，那礼品也应是“国家亲和力”的“形象使者”。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">紫砂壶所具有的天赐亲和力，正是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">2002</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">年以来，一次次、一组组被选作“国礼”的一个元素。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">2005</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">年国家为东盟博览会选择礼品，历史上第一次进行公开招标。我国一百余种精彩的艺术品闻讯应征，国家有关部门经过</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">3</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">个多月的反复斟酌，终于选取“紫砂壶”作为“国家礼品”，更值得写一笔的是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">2006</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">年、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">2007</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">年，连续</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">3</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">年都选用紫砂壶作为国礼，温家宝总理还举行茶话会，“以壶会友，以茶会友”，</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"> <span lang="EN-US">------</span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">这一系列事实说明国家选用紫砂壶作为国礼，不是一时兴致，而是精心筛选。选取紫砂壶作为国礼的原因可能很多，但是“紫砂壶所具有的亲和力”，当是重要的一条，因为其符合“外交要使中国的形象更有亲和力”的内在要求。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">茶，原汁原味的中国好茶，是联合国推荐的六大健康天然饮料之首。茶，天然、环保、健康，天赋亲和力。紫砂壶，到目前为止，是茶具中能泡出原汁原味好茶的首选，也具有天赋的亲和力。紫砂壶更加以人文的“宜于玩、宜于赏”的特色，使其亲</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">和力</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">更迷人、更隽永、更具魅力。紫砂壶</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">具有这样丰富内涵的亲和力，也许是世界茶具中的“惟一”。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><o:p><font size="4">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 17pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体"><font size="4">国礼紫砂承载着中国先进文化的信息<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 17pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">《国际友谊博物馆》的每一件国礼都承载着、传播着馈赠国的国家和民族的文化信息，同样，中国的国礼紫砂也承载着、传播着中国的文化信息。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 17pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">紫砂壶承载着中国特有的“紫砂陶土”及其制作技艺的信息，承载着紫砂壶造型“圆非一相，方非一式”蕴涵的哲思理念，承载着成型的传统手工技艺的人文文化，还有以装饰为特色承载着中国传统文化、艺术的诸多元素，这些元素有“集传统文化之大成”的美誉。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 17pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">这丰富多彩的文化信息，如何认知？</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 17pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">中国当代提出了“三个代表”的思想，其中有“先进文化”一条。何谓中国的先进文化？学者众说纷纭，我以为最具价值的是傅华同志的“三层文化”说。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="LINE-HEIGHT: 17pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">傅华是中央党校“专修先进文化”论的博士研究生。他的研究生著作《当代中国先进文化及其传播路径研究》，第一次把中国的先进文化分为三层：科学的执政党文化、优秀的民族国家文化、健康的大众文化。以此观，国礼紫砂承载的丰富多彩的文化信息，属于中国先进文化的范畴，国礼紫砂也由此成为了传播中国先进文化的一个具有迷人亲和力的符号、载体。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 17pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">人们不仅认知了国礼紫砂的文化符号、载体价值，而且还自觉地发挥它的载体功能和价值。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">2006</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">年东盟博览会第二次选用紫砂壶作为国礼，主管部门就明确提出要在壶上陶刻祖国的大好河山，从而开创了以紫砂壶为载体“为大好河山立传”的陶刻创作，使</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">51</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">处祖国美丽风光随着紫砂壶，耀眼于异国他乡的华堂。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">2006</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">年北京大学向安南赠送紫砂壶，主动“借壶传情”，传播了中国人“和”文化的核心价值观，在国际上产生了广泛的影响。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">紫砂壶是一张国家的文化名片。国礼紫砂、国礼紫砂壶，作为一种中国语言，也是一种世界语言，她承载着的是什么文化，那么令人喜爱、令人亲近、令人着迷？值得我们深入探讨。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p><font size="4">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="4"><?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-comffice:smarttags" /><st1:chsdate w:st="on" isrocdate="False" islunardate="False" day="10" M="M"  year="2009"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">2009</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">年</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">11</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">月</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">10</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">日</span></st1:chsdate><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">星期二</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">杨世明于《知陶居》</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 17pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p><font size="4">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 17pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p><font size="4">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>

ymshuwo

中国的紫砂壶与国人明朝后兴起泡散茶方法有关。作为国礼也要看对象。西方人未必理解紫砂壶的妙用，甚至会误解，譬如会认为容易积茶垢，比较脏。凡事要因地制宜，因人而异。