小人物确是大先生

杨世明

<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"  0cm="0cm"  0pt"><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">小人物确是大先生</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-comfficeffice" /><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"  0cm="0cm"  0pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'"><font size="4">——记手</font><a  href="javascript:;" target="_self"><u><strong><font size="4">工艺</font></strong></u></a><font size="4">人潜陶居陈爱国</font></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"  0cm="0cm"  0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p><font face="Times New="New"  Roman" size="4">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"  0cm="0cm"  0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">毛泽东说，只有落后的领导，没有落后的群众。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"  0cm="0cm"  0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'"><font size="4">在</font><a  href="javascript:;" target="_self"><u><strong><font size="4">国际</font></strong></u></a><font size="4">哲学界有第二个马克思之誉的<?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-comffice:smarttags" /><st1ersonName w:st="on" productid="李泽厚">李泽厚</st1ersonName>先生，从历史的角度，从另一个侧面讲：“迄今为止的历史，总践踏着千万具尸体而前行。文明通过暴力、战争、掠夺、压迫、剥削、阴谋、残酷、滥杀无辜、背信弃义等等来斩榛辟莽，开拓旅程。大英雄、大豪杰、大伟人也经常是大恶棍、大骗子、大屠夫。‘窃珠者诛，窃国者为公侯；公侯之门，仁义存焉。’就人类说，历史经常在悲剧性的恶的事业中发展前行；就个体说，从古至今，</font><a  href="javascript:;" target="_self"><u><strong><font size="4">幸福</font></strong></u></a><font size="4">与道德也很少统一”。（见《世纪新梦》之</font></span><font size="4"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><font face="Times New="New"  Roman">24</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">页）</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"  0cm="0cm"  0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'"><font size="4">我和</font><a  href="javascript:;" target="_self"><u><strong><font size="4">宜兴</font></strong></u></a><font size="4">潜陶居的手工艺高手陈爱国认识三年了。在断断续续的接触中，我从他的言行里，更深一层理解了毛泽东、李泽厚的观念。例如，在对待传承</font><a  href="javascript:;" target="_self"><u><strong><font size="4">紫砂</font></strong></u></a><a  href="javascript:;" target="_self"><u><strong><font size="4">文化</font></strong></u></a><font size="4">的“文化自觉”上，陈爱国的理解朴实、深刻，且数年如一日的付诸于行动，比一些名家高多了，岂止是“只有落后的领导，没有落后的群众”的“落后”二字能涵盖了的！</font></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"  0cm="0cm"  0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">我们曾有一次闲聊。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"  0cm="0cm"  0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">“老弟，你如何看传承紫砂技艺？”</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"  0cm="0cm"  0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">“理论上我说不清。我只是感觉到，紫砂泥里有文化，但泥本身不是文化。传统的手工技艺，它不仅里面有文化，且更重要的是它本身就是文化，就是依然‘活着的’人文文化。我以为传承紫砂文化实际上就是传承、传播传统的手工艺。”</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"  0cm="0cm"  0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">“那你就是源于这一认识，而坚持挥动木槌？”</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"  0cm="0cm"  0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">“是这样！宜兴若丢掉了传统手工艺，是难以和国际文化进行对话的。”</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"  0cm="0cm"  0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">陈爱国的认识是错还是对，是高还是低？</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"  0cm="0cm"  0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">让我们来简述一下大家都看到的国家对紫砂文化“内容”的诠释吧。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><font face="Times New="New"  Roman">2006</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">年国务院公布的<a  href="javascript:;" target="_self"><u><strong>非物质文化遗产</strong></u></a>的目录在“传统手工艺”一项里，把“紫砂陶制作技艺”列为</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><font face="Times New="New"  Roman">89</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">项的“第一个”。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><font face="Times New="New"  Roman">2007</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">年文化部公布的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><font face="Times New="New"  Roman">226</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">位“非物质文化遗产代表传承人”，宜兴紫砂界的“<a  href="javascript:;" target="_self"><u><strong>中国</strong></u></a><a  href="javascript:;" target="_self"><u><strong>工艺美术</strong></u></a><a  href="javascript:;" target="_self"><u><strong>大师</strong></u></a>”汪寅仙荣立其中。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"  0cm="0cm"  0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><font size="4"><st1:chsdate w:st="on" year="1997" M="M"  day="20" islunardate="False" isrocdate="False"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><font face="Times New="New"  Roman">1997</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">年</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><font face="Times New="New"  Roman">5</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">月</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><font face="Times New="New"  Roman">20</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">日</span></st1:chsdate><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">，国务院总理李鹏签署了《工艺美术保护条例》，并于当日起实行。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><font face="Times New="New"  Roman">2004</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">年以来，江苏省把</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><font face="Times New="New"  Roman">“</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">手工紫砂<a  href="javascript:;" target="_self"><u><strong>陶艺</strong></u></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><font face="Times New="New"  Roman">”</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">列为江苏省首批民族民间文化保护工程项目，经江苏省第十届人大常委会批准正式实施《无锡市宜兴紫砂保护条例》，成为全国第一部保护区域性传统<a  href="javascript:;" target="_self"><u><strong>艺术</strong></u></a>品立法的条例，紫砂的保护和开发有了法律支持。这两个法规都以明确的语言说国家保护的是中华民族传统的手工艺，保护的是以传统手工艺创作的“传统”工艺美术品。无锡市的《条例》还以明确的语言指出：“非<a  href="javascript:;" target="_self"><u><strong>全手工</strong></u></a>技艺”不在保护之列。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"  0cm="0cm"  0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">国家以理性的行政措施和庄严的法规语言，都阐释一个鲜明的概念：中华独有的紫砂传统手工艺是中华民族的非物质文化，是受国家行政、法规保护的非物质文化遗产，是需要传承、弘扬的民族文化的文脉。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"  0cm="0cm"  0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">我们共和国</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">总理温家宝曾以深情的语气说，非物质文化遗产是“民族文化的精华”、“民族智慧的象征”、“民族精神的结晶”。他还说：“为什么能传下来，千古不绝？就在于有灵魂，有精神。一脉文心传万代，千古不绝是真魂。文脉就是一个民族的魂脉。今天，保护非物质文化遗产，就是传承民族文化的文脉。”</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"  0cm="0cm"  0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">传统手工艺、传统工艺美术，是中华民族传统文化，是国家保护的非物质文化。这是国家的声音、中华民族的心声，也是世界各国人民的期盼。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"  0cm="0cm"  0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana"><o:p><font size="4">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>

小人物确是大先生

<br/>

杨世明

&nbsp;
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align="left"><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">说到这里，我们可以看到陈爱国的认识，他传承紫砂传统手工艺的行动，是多么的难能可贵！更尤为可贵的还有他的清醒。在宜兴坚持传统手工艺制壶的不多，甚至一些名家也躲进进口模具的围城里乐哉鱼乎，陈爱国却能坚守自己的信念：“</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma">直面人生，直面艺术，当改变不了别人的时候，唯一能做的就是坚持自己。”能“坚持自己”的坚持，能“改变不了别人”的大家、大师，既能坚持自己，又能带领人们前行，紫砂文化文脉的传承便会是明媚的春天。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-comfficeffice" /><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">陈爱国在宜兴紫砂人中不算富有，但他天天心态平静的拍打着紫砂泥片。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">陈爱国的精神是富有的，他的作品不是工业品，是艺术品，虽然他制的壶没有模具造的圆。我以为传统手工壶的某些缺点，恰恰是手工活的精彩。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">他是紫砂界的小人物，但在我心里他是“文化自觉的大先生”。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p><font size="4">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="4"><?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-comffice:smarttags" /><st1:chsdate w:st="on" year="2009" M="M"  day="20" islunardate="False" isrocdate="False"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">2009</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">年</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">10</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">月</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">20</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">日</span></st1:chsdate><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">杨世明在长途大巴车上。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana"><o:p><font size="4">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>

pj

<p><font face="Verdana"><font face="Verdana"><font face="Verdana">小</font><font face="Verdana">人<font face="Verdana">物</font><font face="Verdana">传<font face="Verdana">承<font face="Verdana">了</font><font face="Verdana">紫<font face="Verdana">砂</font><font face="Verdana">大<font face="Verdana">文</font><font face="Verdana">化<font face="Verdana">。</font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></p>

藏山应水

如今有这份境界很了不起